Cooling apparatus



Aug. 1932- H. H. cRAwF RD 1,871,588

COOLING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 27, 19:51 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Zbua rdJ/ Claw/ rd 15y Wm, 47

15, 1932- H. H. CRAWFORD 1,371,585

COOLING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 27, 19.51

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 y 3 W7 22% 4 f l W5.

l Patented Aug. 15, 1932' HOWARD n. caawroan, or Dawson, MICHIGAN, Assrerroa 'roriuvns u I COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OE DELAW r:

CGOLING APPARATUS Application filed February 27,. 1931. Serial No. 518,735..-

Among the objects of the invention are to provide an improved cooling apparatus for this purpose; to provide improved means whereby the liquid circulation may be bypassed and controlled; and to provide improved means whereby the circulation, by-

pass of liquid and heat radiation may be regulated from a single control and in desired order Other objects, advantages and capabilities of the invention will appear from the following description of a preferred embodiment, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view, partly in section, of an automobile engine and associated parts, embodying the invention;

Fig; 2 is a sectional detail view on the line 2-2 0f Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan detail view taken on the line H of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, the reference numeral 10 designates an internal combustion engine, the water jacket of which is connected by upper conduit 11 and by lower conduit 12 to the radiator 13. A pump 14 is provided in the lower conduit 12 in order to circulate the liquid cooling medium through the engine block and radiator.

In front of the radiator 13 is mounted a shutter '15 which controls the flow of .air through the radiator and the degree of cooling of the liquid therein. The shutter may be of any suitable type and 'may be actuated by a link 16 which is secured to a bell crank lever 17 pivotally mounted on the top of the shutter frame. The lever 17 is actuated by a rod 18 which passes through a tube 19 in the top water box 20 of the radiator 13.

In the drawings I have shown a shutter 15 comprising a series of vertical shutter elements 21, pivotally mounted in the shutter frame. Each shutter element is provided with a lug 22, and said lugs are pivotally connected to an actuating bar' 23 which is located ,below the top frame member of the shutter frame. A stud 24 mounted on the actuating bar 23 pro ects through an arcuate slot 25 in the top frame member, and the link 16 is pivotally connected thereto. A tension spring 26 connects the stud 24 to a lug 27 on the top frame member so that the shutter elements 21 automatically close except when the link 16 is actuated by the rod'18 to move them so to their open position.

Adjacent the tube 19 the rear wall of the upper water box 20 is provided with a relatively large opening 31 and an inwardl directed flange 32, to which is welded, sold; or otherwise secured a collar 33. The collar 33 projects rearwardly from-the water box 30 and is provided at its rear end with a flange 34. On one side the collar 33 is provided with an inlet port 35 and a shoulder 36 3o pipe 39, which is arranged in parallel with the radiator 13 so that the circulation of the cooling medium may be diverted therethrough in whole or in part as will hereinafter appear. The by-pass pipe 39 may suitably be connected tothe lower conduit 12 at a suitable .point. The collar 33 provides a support for a casing 40 which is provided at its open end with a flange 41 adapted to overhe with the flange 34. A cover plate e2 issecured to the flange 34 by screws 43, suitable gaskets 44 being provided. on either side of the flange 41 so as to prevent leakage from the casing 40. While it is preferred to locate the casing 40 in the upper water box of the radiator, it will readily be understood that it may be mounted in any other desired position in the circulatory system, for example, in the lower Water box or on the engine block.

The inner end of the casing 40 is provided with a relatively large opening which is adapted to be closed by a valve 46. The valve 46 is mounted on a stem 47 which is supported by a spider 48 and is secured to one side of a thermostat 49 which may suitably be constituted by an expansible metal bellows oonred 65 taining volatile liquid of appropriate boiling point. The outer end of the thermostat 49 upon the interior of the casing 40, said strip being provided with an opening 56 register ing with the o enin 38 and 54. A. valve "member 57 is a apte to close the opening 56,

" said valve member being of the same curvature as the stripand adapted to slide thereon. The valve member 57 is supported from the rearward part of the thermostat A9, for example, by means of a vertical web: 58

' which is engaged between the coupling? 51 and the rear face of the thermostat, said web bein provided with an opening through whidh the stud 50 passes.

The rearwardly projecting ends of the 18 and spindle 50 are pivotally connected to a link 59 which is fulcrumed at an intermediate point so that the rod 18 and spindle 50 move in opposite directions. Preferably the connections between the link 59 and the rod 18 and spindle 50 are adjustable so that the device may be readily adapted for the best operation. The link 59 may suitably be formed of two straps welded or otherwise secured together, the ends of which are displaced to provide thelink withbifurcations at both ends. The bifurcated ends are provided with openings 60 which receive pintles 61 of collars 62 and 63 mounted on the threaded ends of the rod 18 and spindle 5O respectively. The collar 63 may have a threaded enement upon the spindle 50 and may be loc ed in position by a lock nut. The collar 62 may be freely movable on the rod 18 and may be located in desired position by lock 1 nuts on either side.

The link 59 is pivotally connected at an intermediate point to. a link 64 of similar construction. Theother end of thejlink 64 is pivotally connected to a web 65 formed on the cover plate 42. As will readily be understood from Fig. 4, this system of linkage provides a silght lateral movement of the rod 18 during its longitudinal movement,

whilethe spindle 50 is constrained to' axial movement only.

The operation of the cooling apparatus is as follows: Assuming the engine to be cold,

the'shutter 15 is closed and the thermostat and associated-elements are in the condition shown in Fig. 3. The valve 46 closes the opening 45 and the by-pass port 56 is open.

engine water jacket, casing 49 and by-pas's pipe 39. Since there is practically no radiation of heat, the engine warms up rapidly. When the temperature of the circulating liquid attains a certain degree, depending upon the adjustment of the device, the thermostat 49 expands sufiiciently to open the valve 46,

the spring 26 preventing the movement of the spindle 50 until the forward end of the thermostat 49 abuts against the spider 48. The opening of the Valve 46, gradually at first, permits circulation throu h the radiator 13 as well as through the by-pass pipe 39 until-all the cooling medium is warmed up. Further rise of temperature is accompanied by a further expansion of the thermostat 49 which moves the spindle 50 outwardly so as to open the shutter 15. At the same time the valve member 57 progressive- 1y closes ofi circulation through the by-pass 39. When the coupling 51 abuts against the cover plate 42, the shutter 15 is completely open and the by-pass 39 is completely closed. When the cooling liquid temperature falls, the thermostat 49 will collapse to close or partly close the shutter 15 and open or partly open the by-pass 39 .so as tomaintain the temperature of the engine block at the desired level.

Although the invention has been disclosed in connection with the specific details of a preferred embodiment, it must'be understood that such details are not intended to be limitative of the invention, except insofar as set forth inthe accompanying claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentis:

1. An engine cooling system for automotive vehicles comprising a radiator and engine water acket in series, a by-pass in parallel with the radiator, a thermostat free to expand in one direction to open circulation through the radiator, means opposing expansion in the opposite direction, and a valve adapted to be operated by last said expansion to close said by-pass.

2. An engine cooling system for automotive vehicles comprising a liquid circulatory system including a water jacket and radiator, a. by-pass for said radiator, a valve adapted to control flow through the radiator, a valve adapted to control flow through the by-pass, andta thermostat adapted by its expansion in one direction to open the first said valve and thereafter by expansion in the opposite direction close the second said valve with progressivelyincreasing temperature.

3. An engine c'eoling'system for automotive vehicle's comprising a liquid circulatory system including a water jacket and radiator, a chamber in said circulatory system, a by-pass from said chamber in parallel with the radiator, a valve controlling the flow of liquid from the chamber to the radiator, 21

valve controlling the flow of liquid from the 7 F i 1,871,5sa

chamber to said by-pass, anda thermostat Within said chamber adapted by its expansion in one direction to open the first said valve and thereafter by expansion in the opposite direction to close the second said valve with progressively increasing temperature.

4:. In an engine cooling system, a thermostat exposed to the cooling medium, a radialtor, a by-vpass therefor, a valve adapted to control flow through the radiator, a valve adapted to control flow through the by-pass, a thermostat adapted to effect free movement of the first said valve to open same, means limiting said movement, and means resiliently opposing opposite movement by the thermostat, the last sad movement being adapted to close the last said valve.

, 5. In an engine cooling system, a thermostat exposed to the coollng medium, a radiator, a by-pass therefor, a valve carried by one side of the thermostat adapted to be opened by the expansion of the thermostat, means sion in the opposite direction, a valve adapted 7 open the shutter with to be operated to close said by-pass, anda radiator shutter adapted to be opened by last said expansion.

7. An engine cooling system forautomotive vehicles comprising a liquid circulatory system including a water jacket and radiator, a by-pass for said radiator, a valve adapted to control flow through the radiator, a valve adapted to control. flow through the by-pass, a shutter for controlling the flow of air through the radiator, and a thermostat adapted to open the first said valve and thereafter close the second said valve and progressively increasing temperature. 8. An engine cooling system for automotive vehicles comprising a liquid circulatory system including a water acket and radiator, a shutter for controll'ng the flow of air through said radiator, a chamber in said circulatory system, a by-pass from said chamber in parallel with the radiator, a valve controlling the flow of liquid from the chamber to the radiator, a valve controlling the flow of liquid from the chamber to said by-pass, and a thermostat within said chamber adapted to open the first sad valve, and thereafter to close the second said valve and open the 'shutter With progressively increasing temperature.

9. In an engine cooling system, a thermostat exposed to the cooling medium, a radiator, a by-pass therefor, a shutter adapted to control the flow of air through the radiator, a valveadapted to control the flow oi cooling liquid through the radiator, a valve adapted to control the flow of cooling liquid through the bypass, a thermostat adapted to efl'ect free movement of the first said valve to open same, vmeans limiting said movement, and means resiliently opposing opposite movement by the thermostat, last-said movement being adapted to close the last said valve and open the shutter. Y y 10'. In an engine cooling system, a thermostat exposed to the cooling medium, a radiw tor, a bypass therefor, a valve carried by one side of the thermostat adapted to be opened by the expansion of the thermostat, means limiting the movement of the valve to open position, a valve carried by the other side of thethermostat adapted to. be closed by the expansion of-the thermostat, a radiator shutter adapted to be opened by said expansion. and a spring opposing the movement of last said valve and shutter whereby the first said valve is adapted to openbefore the last said valve closes. 1

11. Inan internal combustion engine, in

control the flow of air through the radiator;

and thermostatic means actuated by the temperature ofthe cooling medium adapted to open the radiator valve when a predetermined Water jacket temperature is reached, and to open the shutter when a higher predctcr' mined temperature is reached.

12. An engine cooling system for automotive vehicles comprising a radiator and engine Water jacket in series, a thermostat tree to expand in one direction to open circulation through the radiator, means opposing expansion in the opposite direction, and radiator shutter adapted to be opened by last said expansion.

13. An engine cooling system for automotive vehicles comprising a liquid circulatory system including a water jacket and radiator, a valve adapted to control fioiv .through the radiator, a shutter for controlling the fi'ow of air through the radiator, and thermostat adapted to open the valve and after the opening of said valve to begin to openthe shutter with progressively increasing temperature. i.

14. An engine cooling system for automotive vehicles comprising a liquid circulatory system including a Water jacket and radiator, a shutter for controlling the flow of air through said radiator, a chamber in said circulatory system, a valve controlling the flow of liquid from the chamber to the radiator, and a thermostat within said chamber adapted to open the valve and after the opening of said valve to begin to open the shutter with progressively increasing temperature.

15. In an engine cooling system, a thermostat exposed to the cooling medium, a radiator, a shutter adapted to control the flow of air through the radiator, a valve adapted to control the flow of cooling liquid through the radiator, a thermostat adapted to effect free movement of the valve to open same, means limiting said movement, means resiliently opposing opposite movement by the thermostat, last said movement being adapted to open the shutter.

16. In an, engine cooling system, a thermostat exposed to the cooling medium, a radiator, a valve carried by one side of the thermostat adapted to be opened by the expansion of the thermostat, means limiting the movement of the valve to open position, a radiator shutter, means carried by the other side of the thermostat whereby the shutter is adapted to be opened by the expansion of the thermostat, and a spring opposing the movement of the shutter, whereby the valve is adapted to open before the shutter opens.

17. In combination in an engine cooling system, radiator and engine water jacket in series,'a by-pass in parallel with the radiator, a valve controlling the flow of liquid from the water jacket to'the radiator, a second valve controlling the flow of liquid through'said by-pass, a shutter controlling the flow of air through said radiator, and a thermostat adapted to expand in one direction to open said first valve and, after the opening of said first valve, to expand in the opposite direction to open the shutter and shut the by-pass valve.

18. In combination in'an engine cooling system, a radiator and engine water jacket in series, a by-pass in parallel with the radiator, a valve controlling the flow of liquid from the water j acket to the radiator, a shutter controlling the flow of air through said radiator, and a thermostat adapted to expand in one direction to open said valve and, after the opening of said valve, to expand in the opposite direction to open the shutters.

19. In combination in an engine cooling system, a radiator and engine water jacket in series, a by-pass in parallel with the radi ator, a valve controlling the flow of liquid from the water jacket to the radiator, a second valve controlling the flow of liquid through said by-pass, a shutter controlling the fiow air through said radiator, and a thermostat adapted under the influence of increased temperature first to open said first valve and subsequently to open the shutters and close said second valve.

20. In combination in an engine cooling system, a radiator and engine .vater jacket in series, a by pass in parallel with the radiator, a valve controlling the, flow of liquid from the water jacket to the radiator, a shutter controlling; the flow of air through said radiator, and a thermostat. adapted when subjected to increased temperature first to open said valve and, after the opening of said valve, to open said shutter.

21. In combination in an engine cooling system, a radiator and engine water jacket in series, a by-pass in parallel with theradiator, a valve controlhng the fiow of liquid from the water jacket to the radiator, a second valve controlling the flow of liquid through said by-pess, and a thermostat adapted to expand in on direction to open said first valve and, after the opening of said first valve, to. expand it; the opposite direction to open said second -salve.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 17th day of February, 1931.

HOWARD H. CRAWFORD. 

